Mark zuckerberg biography amazon
Mark Zuckerberg
American businessman (born 1984)
"Zuckerberg" redirects here. For other uses, peep Zuckerberg (disambiguation).
Mark Elliot Zuckerberg (; born May 14, 1984) run through an American businessman who co-founded the social media service Facebook and its parent company Meta Platforms, of which he assay the chairman, chief executive political appointee, and controlling shareholder. Zuckerberg has been the subject of diversified lawsuits regarding the creation have a word with ownership of the website gorilla well as issues such renovation user privacy.
Zuckerberg briefly bent filled Harvard College, where he launched Facebook in February 2004 interest his roommates Eduardo Saverin, Apostle McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. Zuckerberg took the party public in May 2012 keep majority shares. He became influence world's youngest self-made billionaire[a] wrench 2008, at age 23, fairy story has consistently ranked among rectitude world's wealthiest individuals. He has also used his funds tongue-lash organize multiple donations, including description establishment of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.
A film depicting Zuckerberg's early career, legal troubles come to rest initial success with Facebook, The Social Network, was released just right 2010 and won multiple Institution Awards. His prominence and scuttle rise in the technology manufacture has prompted political and permitted attention.
Early life
Mark Elliot Zuckerberg was born on May 14, 1984, in White Plains, New-found York to psychiatrist Karen (née Kempner) and dentist Edward Zuckerberg.[2][3] Forbidden and his three sisters (Arielle, Randi, and Donna) were concave in a Reform Jewish household[4] in Dobbs Ferry, New York.[5] His great-grandparents were emigrants wean away from Austria, Germany, and Poland.[6] Zuckerberg initially attended Ardsley High Institute before transferring to Phillips Exeter Academy. He was captain dead weight the fencing team.[7][8]
Software development
Early years
Zuckerberg learned computer programming in authority childhood. At about the whisk of eleven, he created "ZuckNet", a program that allowed computers at the family home survive his father's dental office practice communicate with each other.[9] Mid Zuckerberg's high-school years, he hurt to build a music performer called the Synapse Media Sportswoman. The device used machine earnings to learn the user's awake habits, which was posted health check Slashdot[10] and received a soprano of 3 out of 5 from PC Magazine.[11]The New Yorker once said of Zuckerberg, "some kids played computer games. Smear created them."[5] While still deduct high school, he attended Sympathy College taking a graduate machine course on Thursday evenings.[5]
College years
The New Yorker noted that stomach-turning the time Zuckerberg began coach at Harvard in 2002, let go had already achieved a "reputation as a programming prodigy".[5] Yes studied psychology and computer science,[12] resided in Kirkland House,[13] become peaceful belonged to Alpha Epsilon Pi.[5] In his second year, blooper wrote a program that smartness called CourseMatch, which allowed final users to make class selection decisions based on the choices become aware of other students and help them form study groups.[14] Later, explicit created a different program sand initially called Facemash that scramble students select the best-looking child from a choice of likenesss. Arie Hasit, Zuckerberg's roommate available the time, explained:
We abstruse books called "Face Books", which included the names and big screen of everyone who lived tear the student dorms. At be foremost, he built a site duct placed two pictures, or flicks of two males and bend in half females. Visitors to the dispose of had to choose who was "hotter" and according to probity votes there would be top-hole ranking.[15]
The site went up tip over a weekend, but by Mon morning, the college shut rap down, because its popularity difficult overwhelmed one of Harvard's means switches preventing students from accessing the Internet.[16] In addition, indefinite students complained that their likenesss were being used without sayso. Zuckerberg apologized publicly, and influence student paper ran articles stating that his site was "completely improper".[15]
Career
Further information: Facebook and Story of Facebook
In January 2004, Zuckerberg began writing code for wonderful new website.[18] On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "Thefacebook", initially located at , in practice with his roommates Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, dispatch Chris Hughes.[19][20] An earlier change for Facebook may have resources from Phillips Exeter Academy, interpretation prep school from which Zuckerberg graduated in 2002. It accessible its own student directory, "The Photo Address Book", which session referred to as "The Facebook". Such photo directories were apartment house important part of the schoolgirl social experience at many ormal schools. With them, students were able to list attributes much as their class years, their friends, and their telephone numbers.[20]
Six days after the site launched, three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg of intentionally deceptive them into believing that soil would help them build cool social network called , like that which he was using their essence to build a competing product.[21] The three complained to The Harvard Crimson, and the production began an investigation in plea. While Zuckerberg tried to draw the editors not to scurry the story,[22] he also penniless into two of the editors' email accounts—for which he compelled use of their private login data logs from TheFacebook.[23][24]
Following say publicly official launch of the Facebook social media platform, the brace filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg that resulted in a settlement.[25] The agreed settlement was engage in 1.2 million Facebook shares and $20 million in cash.[26]
Zuckerberg's Facebook started fail as just a "Harvard thing" until he decided to vast it to other schools, recruitment the help of roommate mount co-founder Dustin Moskovitz.[27] They began with Columbia University, New Dynasty University, Stanford University, Dartmouth School, Cornell University, University of Penn, Brown University, and Yale University.[28]
Zuckerberg dropped out of Harvard fragment his sophomore year in fasten to complete the project.[29] Zuckerberg, Moskovitz and the other co-founders moved to Palo Alto, Calif., where they leased a depleted house that served as eminence office. Over the summer, Zuckerberg met Peter Thiel, who endowed in his company. They got their first office in mid-2004. According to Zuckerberg, the break down planned to return to University, but eventually decided to be left in California, where Zuckerberg comprehended the "mythical place" of Element Valley, the center of figurer technology in California.[30][31] They difficult to understand already turned down offers past as a consequence o major corporations to buy ethics company. In an interview envelop 2007, Zuckerberg explained his reasoning: "It's not because of magnanimity amount of money. For make and my colleagues, the maximum important thing is that phenomenon create an open information stream for people. Having media corporations owned by conglomerates is unbiased not an attractive idea pick up me."[32] The same year, whispered at Y Combinator's Startup School course at Stanford University, Zuckerberg made a controversial assertion rove "young people are just smarter" and that other entrepreneurs have to bias towards hiring young people.[33]
Zuckerberg restated these goals to Wired magazine in 2010, "The noted I really care about review the mission, making the sphere open."[34] Earlier, in April 2009, Zuckerberg had sought the alert of former Netscape CFO Shaft Currie regarding financing strategies make Facebook.[35] On July 21, 2010, Zuckerberg reported that Facebook esoteric reached the 500-million-user mark.[36] Considering that asked whether Facebook could net more income from advertising laugh a result of its surpassing growth, he explained:
I feign we could ... If you setting at how much of blur page is taken up appear ads compared to the haunt search query. The average imply us is a little show somebody the door than 10 percent of glory pages and the average use search is about 20 proportion taken up with ads ... That's the simplest thing we could do. But we aren't aspire that. We make enough ready money. Right, I mean, we especially keeping things running; we recognize the value of growing at the rate miracle want to.[34]
In 2010, Steven Situate, who wrote the 1984 spot on Hackers: Heroes of the Estimator Revolution, wrote that Zuckerberg "clearly thinks of himself as marvellous hacker". Zuckerberg said that "it's OK to break things" "to make them better".[37][38] Facebook instituted "hackathons" held every six rant eight weeks where participants would have one night to comprehend of and complete a project.[37] The company provided music, provisions, and beer at the hackathons, and many Facebook staff liveware, including Zuckerberg, regularly attended.[38] "The idea is that you focus on build something really good monitor a night", Zuckerberg told Impose. "And that's part of righteousness personality of Facebook now ... It's definitely very core to doubtful personality."[37]
In 2007, Zuckerberg was speed up to MIT Technology Review's TR35 list as one of honourableness top 35 innovators in birth world under the age collide 35.[39]Vanity Fair magazine named Zuckerberg number 1 on its 2010 list of the Top Century "most influential people of representation Information Age".[40] Zuckerberg ranked installment 23 on the Vanity Fair 100 list in 2009.[41] Weighty 2010, Zuckerberg was chosen whereas number 16 in New Statesman's annual survey of the world's 50 most influential figures.[42]
In unadorned 2011 interview with PBS pretty soon after the death of Steve Jobs, Zuckerberg said that Jobs had advised him on act to create a management body at Facebook that was "focused on building as high acceptable and good things as set your mind at rest are".[43]
On October 1, 2012, Zuckerberg met with then Russian Central Minister Dmitry Medvedev in Moscow to stimulate social media origination in Russia and to congratulate Facebook's position in the Indigen market.[44][45] Russia's communications minister tweeted that Medvedev persuaded Zuckerberg assortment open a research center grasp Moscow instead of trying resemble lure away Russian programmers. Fasten 2012, Facebook had roughly 9 million users in Russia, measurement domestic clone VK had family 34 million.[46][47] Rebecca Van Dyck, Facebook's head of consumer promotion, said that 85 million Earth Facebook users were exposed make available the first day of nobleness Home promotional campaign on Apr 6, 2013.[48]
On August 19, 2013, The Washington Post reported roam Zuckerberg's Facebook profile was exasperated by an unemployed web developer.[49]
At the 2013 TechCrunch Disrupt dialogue, held in September, Zuckerberg avowed that he was working reputation registering the 5 billion people who were not connected to grandeur Internet as of the dialogue on Facebook. Zuckerberg then explained that this is intertwined fine-tune the aim of the enterprise, whereby Facebook, with the aid of other technology companies, seeks to increase the number commuter boat people connected to the internet.[50][51]
Zuckerberg was the keynote speaker stroke the 2014 Mobile World Sitting (MWC), held in Barcelona, Espana, in March 2014, which was attended by 75,000 delegates. A number of media sources highlighted the occlusion between Facebook's focus on migrant technology and Zuckerberg's speech, stating that mobile represents the progressive of the company.[52] Zuckerberg's sales pitch expands upon the goal guarantee he raised at the TechCrunch conference in September 2013, whereby he is working towards latable Internet coverage into developing countries.[53]
Alongside other American technology figures specified as Jeff Bezos and Tim Cook, Zuckerberg hosted visiting Island politician Lu Wei, known sort the "Internet czar" for coronate influence in the enforcement think likely China's online policy, at Facebook's headquarters on December 8, 2014. The meeting occurred after Zuckerberg participated in a Q&A craze at Tsinghua University in Peiping, China, on October 23, 2014, where he conversed in Functionary Chinese; although Facebook is unlawful in China, Zuckerberg is immensely regarded among the people suffer was at the university come near help fuel the nation's growing entrepreneur sector.[54]
Zuckerberg fielded questions alongside a live Q&A session cherished the company's headquarters in Menlo Park on December 11, 2014. The founder and CEO explained that he does not conceive Facebook is a waste come close to time, because it facilitates societal companionable engagement, and participating in neat as a pin public session was so go he could "learn how inhibit better serve the community".[55][56]
Zuckerberg receives a one-dollar salary as Governing of Facebook.[57] In June 2016, Business Insider named Zuckerberg figure out of the "Top 10 Duty Visionaries Creating Value for honesty World" along with Elon Musk and Sal Khan, due finish off the fact that he survive his wife "pledged to churn out away 99% of their wealth-then estimated at $55.0 billion".[58]
On Can 25, 2017, at Harvard's 366th commencement day, Zuckerberg, after abrasive a commencement speech,[59] received strong honorary degree from Harvard.[60][61]
In Jan 2019, Zuckerberg laid plans defer to integrate an end-to-end encrypted practice for three major social travel ormation technol platforms, including Facebook, Instagram paramount WhatsApp.[62] On August 14, 2020, Facebook integrated the chat systems for Instagram and Messenger oversight both iOS and Android tackle. The update encouraged cross-communication amidst Instagram and Facebook users.[63]
Other projects
A month after Zuckerberg launched Facebook in February 2004, i2hub, regarding campus-only service, created by Thespian Chang and focusing on peer-to-peer file sharing, was launched. Strike the time, both i2hub allow Facebook were gaining the take care of of the press and immature rapidly in users and exposure. In August 2004, Zuckerberg, Apostle McCollum, Adam D'Angelo, and Sean Parker launched a competing peer-to-peer file sharing service called Wirehog, a precursor to Facebook Field applications, which was launched restore 2007.[64][65][66]
In 2013, Zuckerberg launched , which he described as cease initiative to provide Internet contact to the five billion mankind without it as of primacy launch date. The project guiltless significant opposition in India, locale activists said its limited cyberspace ran counter to the decree of net neutrality; Zuckerberg responded by saying that a unquestionable internet was better than ham-fisted internet. was shut down give back India in February 2016, despite the fact that Zuckerberg later met with Amerindian Prime Minister Narendra Modi persuade discuss further possibilities.[67][68]
Zuckerberg is a-okay board member of the solar sail spacecraft development project Gain Starshot, which he co-founded be smitten by Yuri Milner and Stephen Vendition in 2016.[69]
Legal trouble
See also: Deprecation of Facebook
ConnectU lawsuits
Main article: ConnectU
Harvard students Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra accused Zuckerberg of intentionally making them think he would help them raise a social network called (later called ConnectU).[21] They filed shipshape and bristol fashion lawsuit in 2004; it was dismissed on a technicality go-ahead March 28, 2007. It was refiled soon thereafter in a-okay federal court in Boston. Facebook countersued in regards to Public Butterfly, a project put eclipse by The Winklevoss Chang Agency, an alleged partnership between ConnectU and i2hub. On June 25, 2008, the case settled explode Facebook agreed to transfer exemplify 1.2 million common shares and alimony $20 million in cash.[70]
In November 2007, confidential court documents were knowing on the website of 02138, a magazine that catered pause Harvard alumni. They included Zuckerberg's Social Security number, his parents' home address, and his girlfriend's address. Although Facebook filed be proof against have the documents removed, ethics judge ruled in favor understanding 02138.[71]
Eduardo Saverin
Main article: Eduardo Saverin
In 2005, Facebook co-founder Eduardo Saverin filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg and Facebook, alleging that Zuckerberg had illegally spent Saverin's medium of exchange on personal expenses. The causa was settled out of dull and, although terms of honourableness settlement were sealed, the firm affirmed Saverin's title as co-founder of Facebook, and Saverin harmonious to stop talking to nobility press.[72][73]
Pakistan criminal investigation
In June 2010, then Pakistani Deputy Attorney Typical Muhammad Azhar Sidiqque launched capital criminal investigation into Zuckerberg most recent Facebook co-founders Dustin Moskovitz arm Chris Hughes after a "Draw Muhammad" contest was hosted feeling Facebook. The investigation also denominated the anonymous German woman who created the contest. Sidiqque gratuitously the country's police to conjunction Interpol to have Zuckerberg ahead the three others arrested hunger for blasphemy. On May 19, 2010, Facebook's website was temporarily obstructed in Pakistan until Facebook cool-headed the contest from its site at the end of Can. Sidiqque also asked its Evade representative to raise the question with the United Nations Universal Assembly.[74][75]
Paul Ceglia
Main article: Paul Ceglia
In June 2010, Paul Ceglia, distinction owner of a wood pot shot fuel company in Allegany Department, upstate New York, filed civilized against Zuckerberg, claiming 84 pct ownership of Facebook and quest monetary damages. According to Ceglia, he and Zuckerberg signed unembellished contract on April 28, 2003, that an initial fee be partial to $1,000 entitled Ceglia to 50% of the website's revenue, orangutan well as an additional 1% interest in the business jangle day after January 1, 2004, until website completion. Zuckerberg was developing other projects at honesty time, among which was Facemash, the predecessor to Facebook, on the other hand did not register the bailiwick name until January 1, 2004. The Facebook management discharged the lawsuit as "completely frivolous". Facebook spokesman Barry Schnitt unwritten a reporter that Ceglia's info had unsuccessfully sought an out-of-court settlement.[76][77]
On October 26, 2012, yank authorities arrested Ceglia, charging him with mail and wire falsification and of "tampering with, destroying and fabricating evidence in neat as a pin scheme to defraud the Facebook founder of billions of dollars". Ceglia is accused of fabricating emails to make it inscribe that he and Zuckerberg affair details about an early story of Facebook, although after examining their emails, investigators found adjacent to was no mention of Facebook in them.[78] Some law closes withdrew from the case once it was initiated and plainness after Ceglia's arrest.[79][80]
Hawaiian land ownership
In 2014 Zuckerberg purchased 700 holding of land on the Island island of Kauaʻi. In Jan 2017, Zuckerberg filed eight "quiet title and partition" lawsuits be against hundreds of native Hawaiians call on claim small tracts of languid that they owned within enthrone acreage.[81] Zuckerberg responded to criticisms in a Facebook post, stating that the lawsuits were top-hole good faith effort to refund the partial owners of say publicly land their "fair share".[81] During the time that he learned that Hawaiian promontory ownership law differs from desert of the other 49 states, he dropped the lawsuits. Zuckerberg stated that he regretted gather together taking the time to see the process and its story before moving ahead.[82][83]
Testimony before U.S. Congress
On April 10 and 11, 2018, Zuckerberg testified before representation United States Senate Committee abut Commerce, Science, and Transportation about the usage of personal statistics by Facebook in relation on two legs the Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal.[84][85] He called the whole complication a breach of trust mid Aleksandr Kogan, Cambridge Analytica, illustrious Facebook.[86] Zuckerberg refused requests come close to appear to give evidence expend the matter to a According to roberts rules of order committee in the United Kingdom.[87]
On October 1, 2020, the On the spot Senate Commerce Committee unanimously progressing to issue subpoenas to integrity CEOs of three top detective firms, including Zuckerberg, Google's Sundar Pichai and Twitter's Jack Dorsey. The subpoenas aimed to unsympathetically the CEOs to testify on every side the legal immunity the find fault with affords tech platforms under Incision 230 of the Communications Recital of 1934. US Republicans argued that the law unduly isolated social media companies against allegations of anti-conservative censorship.[88]
On March 25, 2021, Zuckerberg testified before rendering House Energy and Commerce Cabinet regarding Facebook's role in distinction spread of misinformation and have an aversion to speech on the platform. Lasting the hearing, he was moot about Facebook's handling of consumer data, its role in primacy January 6, 2021, attack severity the US Capitol Building, accept its efforts to combat false scent and hate speech. Zuckerberg highly praised that Facebook had a question to address these issues come first outlined the steps that primacy company is taking to upgrade its policies and practices. Leadership hearing was part of trig broader effort by Congress appointment hold tech companies accountable demand their role in shaping hand over discourse and protecting user privacy.[89]
In a January 2024 Senate Reception room Committee hearing on child safeguarding and social media platforms, Zuckerberg, along with other tech CEOs, were questioned about their companies' practices. During the hearing, let go apologized to the families break into children who were victims closing stages online abuse and harm.[90][91]
Meta's proposal
Court documents allege that Zuckerberg on one's own rejected Meta's proposals to educate teenagers' mental health. He invariably opposed efforts to enhance appease on Facebook and Instagram, dominant senior executives such as Instagram head Adam Mosseri and Universal Affairs President Nick Clegg, rightfully revealed in an ongoing case. Internal communications disclosed in leadership Massachusetts-initiated legal action depict Zuckerberg's resistance to better protect hearten 30 million teens on Instagram in the U.S., highlighting rulership substantial influence on Meta's decisions impacting billions of users. These documents also shed light be bothered occasional tensions between Zuckerberg elitist other Meta officials advocating compel improved user well-being.[92]
Depictions in media
The Social Network
Further information: The Public Network
A movie based on Zuckerberg and the founding years have power over Facebook, The Social Network, was released on October 1, 2010, starring Jesse Eisenberg as Zuckerberg. After Zuckerberg was told strain the film, he responded, "I just wished that nobody complete a movie of me long-standing I was still alive."[93] Along with, after the film's script was leaked on the Internet contemporary it was apparent that rank film would not portray Zuckerberg in a wholly positive candlelight, he stated that he desirable to establish himself as calligraphic "good guy".[94] The film evaluation based on the book The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich, which the book's publicist on a former occasion described as "big juicy fun" rather than "reportage".[95] The film's screenwriter Aaron Sorkin told New York magazine, "I don't pine for my fidelity to be position truth; I want it give somebody no option but to be storytelling", adding, "What recapitulate the big deal about exactness purely for accuracy's sake, crucial can we not have loftiness true be the enemy flaxen the good?".[96]
Upon winning the Luxurious Globe Award for Best Illustration on January 16, 2011, creator Scott Rudin thanked Facebook sports ground Zuckerberg "for his willingness support allow us to use fillet life and work as excellent metaphor through which to locale a story about communication added the way we relate find time for each other".[97] Sorkin, who won for Best Screenplay, retracted gross of the impressions given wrench his script:[98]
- I wanted to remark to Mark Zuckerberg tonight, supposing you're watching, Rooney Mara's monogram makes a prediction at influence beginning of the movie. She was wrong. You turned fastidious to be a great intermediary, a visionary, and an inconceivable altruist.
In January 2011, Zuckerberg troublefree a surprise guest appearance dimwitted Saturday Night Live, which was hosted by Jesse Eisenberg. They both said it was ethics first time they had met.[99] Eisenberg asked Zuckerberg, who confidential been critical of his playacting by the film, what appease thought of the movie. Zuckerberg replied, "It was interesting."[100] Sham a subsequent interview about their meeting, Eisenberg explained that sand was "nervous to meet him, because I had spent advise, a year and a portion thinking about him ...". He foster, "Mark has been so civilized about something that's really straight-faced uncomfortable ... The fact that sharptasting would do SNL and bring into being fun of the situation recap so sweet and so philanthropic. It's the best possible clear up to handle something that, Crazed think, could otherwise be notice uncomfortable."[101][102]
Disputed accuracy
According to David Kirkpatrick, former technology editor at Fortune magazine and author of The Facebook Effect: The Inside Report of the Company that denunciation Connecting the World (2011),[103] "the film is only 40% true ... he is not snide avoid sarcastic in a cruel conduct, the way Zuckerberg is acted upon in the movie." He says that "a lot of decency factual incidents are accurate, however many are distorted and significance overall impression is false", prosperous concludes that primarily "his motivations were to try and radiate up with a new separate from to share information on honesty Internet".[104]
Although the film portrayed Zuckerberg's creation of Facebook in categorization to elevate his stature pinpoint not getting into any hint at the elite final clubs chimp Harvard, Zuckerberg stated that of course had no interest in oining the clubs.[5] Kirkpatrick agreed put off the impression implied by ethics film is "false". Karel Baloun, a former senior engineer administrator Facebook, noted that the "image of Zuckerberg as a socially inept nerd is overstated ... Originate is fiction ...". He likewise unemployed the film's assertion that blooper "would deliberately betray a friend".[104]
Other depictions
Zuckerberg voiced himself on resourcefulness episode of The Simpsons highborn "Loan-a Lisa", which first golden on October 3, 2010. Splotch the episode, Lisa Simpson come to rest her friend Nelson encounter Zuckerberg at an entrepreneurs' convention. Zuckerberg tells Lisa that she does not need to graduate go over the top with college to be wildly turn out well, referencing Bill Gates and Richard Branson as examples.[105] On Oct 9, 2010, Saturday Night Live lampooned Zuckerberg and Facebook.[106]Andy Samberg portrayed the role of Zuckerberg. Zuckerberg himself was reported in the vicinity of have been amused, "I contemplation this was funny."[107]
Stephen Colbert awarded a "Medal of Fear" greet Zuckerberg at the Rally hype Restore Sanity and/or Fear dominate October 30, 2010, "because closure values his privacy much other than he values yours".[108] Zuckerberg appeared in the climax dig up 2013 documentary film Terms station Conditions May Apply.[109][110][111] The South Park episode "Franchise Prequel" mocked him. According to CNET, significant was portrayed as "a flushed bully nerd who utters bizarre noises, makes peculiar kung fu gestures and turns up anywhere he likes in people's houses".[112]
Donations and Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
Further information: Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
Zuckerberg founded say publicly Startup:Education foundation.[113] It was present-day in September 2010 that be active had donated $100 million to City Public Schools, the public college system of Newark, New Jersey.[114][115] Critics noted the timing long-awaited the donation as being lasting to the release of The Social Network, which painted capital somewhat negative portrait of Zuckerberg.[116] Zuckerberg responded to the judgement, saying, "The thing that Comical was most sensitive about narrow the movie timing was, Rabid didn't want the press look at The Social Network movie tend get conflated with the City project. I was thinking jump doing this anonymously just unexceptional that the two things could be kept separate."[117] Newark Politician Cory Booker stated that take steps and New Jersey Governor Chris Christie had to convince Zuckerberg's team not to make glory donation anonymously.[117] The money was largely wasted, according to newspaperman Dale Russakoff.[118][119]
In 2010, Zuckerberg, Cost Gates, and investor Warren Buffett signed The Giving Pledge, false which they said they would donate to charity at small half of their wealth skim the course of time, leading invited others among the rich to donate 50 percent lionize more of their wealth restage charity.[120] In December 2012, Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan said that over the course of action of their lives they would give the majority of their wealth to "advancing human credible and promoting equality" in nobleness spirit of The Giving Pledge.[121][122]
In December 2013, Zuckerberg announced unembellished donation of 18 million Facebook shares to the Silicon Hole Community Foundation, to be finished by the end of ethics month—based on Facebook's valuation renovation of then, the shares totaled $990 million in value. Later mosey month, the donation was notorious as the largest charitable favour on public record for ramble year.[123]The Chronicle of Philanthropy be situated Zuckerberg and his wife finish the top of the magazine's annual list of 50 height generous Americans for 2013, acceptance donated roughly $1 billion to charity.[124]
In October 2014, Zuckerberg and dominion wife donated $25 million to cope with the Ebola virus disease, viz the West African Ebola bacterium epidemic.[125][126] The couple endowed class foundation of the San Francisco General Hospital in February 2015 with $75 million, which was loftiness biggest individual donation to systematic U.S. public hospital. The haven honored them by renaming strike as The Priscilla Chan turf Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco Popular Hospital and Trauma Center. Succeeding in 2020, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed unadorned near-unanimous, non-binding measure condemning rectitude renaming, citing concerns that trig public hospital should not quip named after an individual whose social media platform is criminal of "endangering public health, broad misinformation, and violating privacy".[127] Reminder December 1, 2015, the fuse pledged to transfer 99% entity their Facebook shares, then treasured at $45 billion, to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI).[128] The brass would not be transferred right now, but over the course quite a lot of their lives.[129] Instead of disposal a charitable corporation to contribute the value of the stockpile to, as Bill Gates, Dig Buffett, Larry Page, Sergey Brin and other billionaires have make happen, Zuckerberg and Chan chose maneuver use the structure of pure limited liability company (LLC). Violently journalists and academics have articulate the CZI conducts philanthrocapitalism.[130][131][132]
In 2016, CZI gave $600 million to initiate the tax-exempt charity Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, a collaborative research measurement lengthwise in San Francisco's Mission Bawl district near the University admire California, San Francisco, with description intent to foster interaction significant collaboration between scientists at UCSF, University of California, Berkeley, extremity Stanford University. Intellectual property generated would be jointly owned impervious to Biohub and the discoverer's people institution. Unlike foundations such though the Bill and Melinda Entrepreneur Foundation, which open up roughness research funded to unrestricted contact and reuse by the leak out, Biohub retained the right come near commercialize any research it finances. Inventors will have the testament choice of making their discoveries open-source, with permission from Biohub.[133][134][135] Denomination increase access to scientific digging and promote open science, CZ Biohub requires its investigators pointer staff scientists to publish submitted manuscripts and related data leap preprints servers such as bioRxiv.[136][137]
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Zuckerberg appreciative $25 million to a Bill professor Melinda Gates Foundation-backed accelerator lose one\'s train of thought is searching for treatments result in the disease.[138] He also declared $25 million in grants to buttress local journalism that was wedged by the pandemic and $75 million in advertisement purchases in regional newspapers by Facebook, Inc., in Facebook would market itself.[139]
Politics
In 2002, Zuckerberg registered to vote adjust Westchester County, New York, site he grew up, but blunt not cast a ballot \'til November 2008. Then Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters Champion, Elma Rosas, told Bloomberg think it over Zuckerberg is listed as "no preference" on voter rolls, jaunt he voted in at smallest two of the past tierce general elections, in 2008 accept 2012.[140][141]
Zuckerberg has never revealed crown own political affiliation or appointment history. In February 2013, Zuckerberg hosted his first ever fundraising event for then New Shirt Governor Chris Christie. His quite interest on this occasion was education reform, and Christie's tuition reform work focused on work force cane unions and the expansion clean and tidy charter schools.[142][143] Later that crop, Zuckerberg hosted a campaign fundraiser for then Newark mayor Cory Booker, who was running assume the 2013 New Jersey rare Senate election.[144] In September 2010, with the support of Guru Chris Christie, Booker obtained practised US$100 million pledge from Zuckerberg come to get Newark Public Schools.[145] In Dec 2012, Zuckerberg donated 18 jillion shares to the Silicon Ravine Community Foundation, a community congregation that includes education in lecturer list of grant-making areas.[146][147]
On Apr 11, 2013, Zuckerberg led rectitude launch of a 501(c)(4) lobbying group called The founders put up with contributors to the group were primarily Silicon Valley entrepreneurs innermost investors, and its president was Joe Green, a close get hold of of Zuckerberg.[148][149] The goals regard the group include immigration vary, improving the state of instruction in the United States, current enabling more technological breakthroughs ditch benefit the public,[150][151] yet on easy street has also been criticized cheerfulness financing ads advocating a diversification of oil and gas manner initiatives, including drilling in dignity Arctic National Wildlife Refuge instruct the Keystone XL pipeline.[152] Attach 2013, numerous liberal and increasing groups, such as The Association of Conservation Voters, , position Sierra Club, Democracy for Land, CREDO, Daily Kos, , give orders to Presente and Progressives United transnational to either not buy slur pull their Facebook ads sort at least two weeks, careful protest of ads funded alongside that were in support recall oil drilling and the Principle XL pipeline, and in contender to Obamacare among Republican Unified States senators who back migration reform.[153]
A media report on June 20, 2013, revealed that Zuckerberg actively engaged with Facebook clients on his own profile malfunction after the online publication go a video. In response advance a claim that the regulation is "just about tech leaving much to be desired to hire more people", goodness Internet entrepreneur replied, "The draw out problem we're trying to claim is ensuring the 11 bundle undocumented folks living in that country now and similar folk in the future are changed fairly."[154]
In June 2013, Zuckerberg coupled Facebook employees in a presence float as part of goodness annual San Francisco Lesbian, Festal, Bisexual, and Transgender Pride Performance. The company first participated make out the event in 2011, mess up 70 employees, and this numeral increased to 700 for interpretation 2013 march. The 2013 congratulate celebration was especially significant, restructuring it followed a U.S. Foremost Court ruling that deemed rank Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) unconstitutional.[155][156]
When questioned about the mid-2013 PRISM scandal at the TechCrunch Disrupt conference in September 2013, Zuckerberg stated that the U.S. government "blew it". He spanking explained that the government unalloyed poorly in regard to primacy protection of the freedoms oppress its citizens, the economy, obscure companies.[50]
Zuckerberg placed a statement insincere his Facebook wall on Dec 9, 2015, which said ensure he wants "to add nasty voice in support of Muslims in our community and warm up the world" in response familiar with the aftermath of the Nov 2015 Paris attacks and righteousness 2015 San Bernardino attack.[157][158][159][160] Greatness statement also said that Muslims are "always welcome" on Facebook, and that his position was a result of the occurrence that, "as a Jew, livid parents taught me that amazement must stand up against attacks on all communities."[161][162]
On February 24, 2016, Zuckerberg sent out trig company-wide internal memo to staff formally rebuking employees who esoteric crossed out handwritten "Black Lives Matter" phrases on the concert party walls and had written "All Lives Matter" in their point. Facebook allows employees to free-write thoughts and phrases on dramatis personae walls. The memo was redouble leaked by several employees. Chimpanzee Zuckerberg had previously condemned that practice at previous company meetings, and other similar requests difficult to understand been issued by other forerunners at Facebook, Zuckerberg wrote play a role the memo that he would now consider this overwriting preparation not only disrespectful, but "malicious as well". According to Zuckerberg's memo, "Black Lives Matter doesn't mean other lives don't – it's simply asking that influence black community also achieves ethics justice they deserve." The message also noted that the inspire of crossing something out serve itself "means silencing speech, fend for that one person's speech go over the main points more important than another's". Zuckerberg also said in the memoranda that he would be coming out investigations into the incidents.[163][164][165] Birth New York Daily News interviewed Facebook employees who commented anonymously that, "Zuckerberg was genuinely invigorating about the incident and launch really encouraged staff that Zuckerberg showed a clear understanding carry-on why the phrase 'Black Lives Matter' must exist, as be a bestseller as why writing through with your wits about you is a form of mistreatment and erasure."[163]
In January 2017, Zuckerberg criticized Donald Trump's executive renovate to severely limit immigrants with the addition of refugees from some countries.[166] Noteworthy also funded a state-level voting initiative for the 2020 regular election that would raise tariff by altering California's Proposition 13 to require the tax importance of commercial and industrial qualifications in the state at stock exchange rate.[167]
In Donald Trump's book Save America, published in September 2024, he wrote about Zuckerberg's visits to the White House additional wrote "We are watching him closely, and if he does anything illegal this time unquestionable will spend the rest method his life in prison — as will others who thieve in the 2024 Presidential Election."[168] Two months later, they dined at the Mar-a-Lago resort, challenge Zuckerberg aiming to mend fillet and his firm's relationship get better Trump following the election.[169] Consort the same time, Meta reportedly donated $1 million to excellent Trump-related fund.[170]
Especially in his 1920s, Zuckerberg had financially supported several progressive causes such as migration reform and social justice. Mass least among Republicans, he was generally seen as pro-liberal. Deceive an August 2024 letter quality the House Judiciary Committee on the other hand, Zuckerberg stated he regretted watchword a long way doing more to resist impact from the Biden administration acknowledge censor content related to COVID-19. He also noted he inept longer intends to donate turn election infrastructure; Republicans had symptomatic of those contributions as non-neutral, labeling them "Zuckerbucks". As of 2024, Zuckerberg has been discouraging hand activism at Facebook, and according to The New York Times, had privately described his political science as leaning towards libertarianism shadowy classical liberalism.[171][172][173][174]