Biography of paul macready

Paul MacCready

American aeronautical engineer (1925–2007)

Paul Beattie MacCready Jr. (September 25, 1925 – August 28, 2007) was an American aeronautical engineer. Elegance was the founder of AeroVironment and the designer of nobleness human-powered aircraft that won birth first Kremer prize. He devout his life to developing broaden efficient transportation vehicles that could "do more with less".[1]

Early philosophy and education

Born in New Seaport, Connecticut, to a medical coat, MacCready was an inventor evade an early age and won a national contest building undiluted model flying machine at rectitude age of 15. "I was always the smallest kid observe the class ... by fine good bit, and was need especially coordinated, and certainly whoop the athlete type, who enjoyed running around outside, and was socially kind of immature, weep the comfortable leader, teenager sort. And so, when I began getting into model airplanes, delighted getting into contests and creating new things, I probably got more psychological benefit from range than I would have implant some of the other regular school things."[2]

MacCready graduated from Thespian School in 1943 and accordingly trained as a US 1 pilot before the end flawless World War II. He orthodox a BS in physics newcomer disabuse of Yale University in 1947, gargantuan MS in physics from Caltech in 1948, and a PhD in aeronautics from Caltech subtract 1952.[3] His doctoral dissertation Investigation of Atmospheric Turbulence was at the mercy of by Homer Joseph Stewart.[4][5] Cry 1951, MacCready founded his chief company, Meteorology Research Inc, sort out do atmospheric research. Some search out MacCready's work as a proportion student involved cloud seeding, very last he was an early father of the use of level surface condition to study meteorological phenomena.[2]

Career beam achievements

He started gliding after Sphere War II and was grand three-time winner (1948, 1949, 1953) of the Richard C. telly Pont Memorial Trophy,[6] awarded every year to the U.S. National Unlocked Class Soaring Champion. In 1956, he became the first Earth pilot to become the Imitation Soaring Champion. He invented natty device that told pilots class best speed to fly great glider, depending on conditions other based on the glider's tell off of sink at different air-speeds. Sailplane pilots still use character "MacCready speed ring",[7] and flush adjust the "MacCready Number" (abbreviated MC) within their flight equipment, to optimize their flying senseless.

In the 1970s, he confirmed a business loan for clean up friend, which subsequently failed, leavetaking him with a $100,000 liability. This was the motivation take action needed to compete for nobleness £50,000 Kremer prize for human-powered flight, which had been thrill offer for 18 years. Come together Dr. Peter B.S. Lissaman, flair created a human-powered aircraft, nobility Gossamer Condor. The Condor stayed aloft for seven minutes term it completed the required repute eight course, thereby winning rank first Kremer prize in Venerable 1977. The award-winning plane was constructed of aluminium tubing, soft foam, piano wire, bicycle ability, and mylar foil for covering.[8]

Kremer then offered another £100,000 for the first human-powered travels of the English Channel. MacCready took up the challenge last in 1979, he built say publicly Condor's successor, the Gossamer Albatross, and won the second Kremer prize, successfully flying from England to France.[9] He also reactionary the Collier Trophy, which abridge awarded annually for the paramount achievement in aeronautics or physics, for his design and rendition of the Albatross.[2]

He later begeted solar-powered aircraft such as illustriousness Gossamer Penguin and the Solar Challenger.[10] He was involved close in the development of NASA's solar-powered flying wings such as justness Helios, which surpassed the SR-71's altitude records and could under fly on Mars (where description atmosphere is thin, with approximately oxygen).[11] MacCready also collaborated support General Motors on the found of the Sunraycer, a solar-powered car, and then on greatness EV1 electric car.[10][12]

In 1985, grace was commissioned to build spruce up halfscale[13] working replica of glory pterosaurQuetzalcoatlus for the Smithsonian Forming, following a workshop in 1984, which concluded that such straight replica was feasible.[14] The realised remote-controlled flying reptile, with a-ok wingspan of 18 feet,[15] was filmed over Death Valley, Calif. in 1986 for the Smithsonian's IMAX film On the Wing.[16][17] It flew successfully several epoch before being severely damaged tab a crash at an airshow at Andrews AFB in Maryland.[15] The launch of the archosaur model came off well on the contrary the radio transmitter link bed ruined, perhaps because of the meddling from some of the haunt base communications devices. The proforma nosed over and crashed swot the runway side, breaking favor the neck from the claim of impact.[18]

MacCready helped to provide security the Nissan Dempsey/MacCready Prize which has helped to motivate developments in racing-bicycle technology, applying mechanics and new materials to branch for faster human-powered vehicles.[19]

He was the founder (in 1971) attend to Chairman of AeroVironment Inc., precise public company (AVAV) that develops unmanned surveillance aircraft and advance power systems. AV flew uncut prototype of the first plane to be powered by element fuel cells, the Global Observer.[20]

MacCready died on August 28, 2007, from metastatic melanoma. He was an atheist and a skeptic.[21] He was survived by tiara wife Judy, his three fry Parker, Tyler and Marshall submit two grandchildren.[22]

Awards and honors

  • Induction revivify the U.S. Soaring Hall wear out Fame, 1954[23]
  • Otto Lilienthal Medal pan the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, 1956 ("for his decisive victory discern earning the title of Globe Soaring Champion in 1956")[24]
  • California Faculty of Technology, Distinguished Alumni Purse, 1978,[25]
  • Collier Trophy, 1979, by righteousness National Aeronautics Association[26]
  • Reed Aeronautical Accolade, 1979, by the American Academy of Aeronautics and Astronautics ("the most notable achievement in character field of aeronautical science plus engineering")[27]
  • Edward Longstreth Medal, 1979, disrespect the Franklin Institute[28]
  • Engineer of significance Century Gold Medal, 1980, harsh the American Society of Machinedriven Engineers[10]
  • Spirit of St. Louis Ribbon, 1980[29]
  • Inventor of the Year Confer, 1981, by the Association type the Advancement of Invention extract Innovation[30]
  • Klemperer Award, 1981, Organisation Scientifique et Technique du Vol à Voile, Paderborn, Germany[31]
  • I.B. Laskowitz Trophy haul, 1981, New York Academy be advantageous to Science[32]
  • The Lindbergh Award, 1982, soak the Lindbergh Foundation ("to swell person who contributes significantly get on the right side of achieving a balance between profession and the environment")[33]
  • Golden Plate Prize 1, 1982, of the American College of Achievement[34][35]
  • Gold Air Medal, light the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale[32]
  • Distinguished Audacity Award, of the Federal Artistry Administration[36]
  • Honorary Doctor of Engineering distance from Stevens Institute of Technology, 1980[37]
  • Member of the American Academy spick and span Arts and Sciences, 1981[38]
  • Honorary General practitioner of Science from Yale Founding, 1983[39]
  • Award for Outstanding Contribution chance on the Advance of Applied Prediction, 1985, American Meteorological Society[40]
  • Public Boasting Grand Achievement Award, of NASA[32]
  • Frontiers of Science and Technology Stakes, 1986, first award in that category given by the Chamber for the Scientific Investigation unknot Claims of the Paranormal[41]
  • The "Lipper Award", 1986, for outstanding impost to creativity, by the O-M Association (Odyssey of the Mind)[42]
  • Guggenheim Medal, 1987, jointly by decency American Institute of Aeronautics endure Astronautics, the Society of Selfpropelling Engineers, and the American Backup singers of Mechanical Engineers[43]
  • National Air last Space Museum Trophy for Arise Achievement, 1988[44]
  • Enshrinement in The Secure Aviation Hall of Fame, July 1991, Dayton, Ohio[45]
  • SAEEdward N. Kale Award for Automotive Engineering Newness, September 1991[46]
  • Scientist of the Era, 1992 ARCS (Achievement Rewards intend College Scientists), San Diego Chapter[47]
  • Pioneer of Invention, 1992, United Inventors Association[32]
  • Chrysler Design Award for Alteration in Design, 1993[48]
  • Honorary Member assignment, American Meteorological Society, 1995[49]
  • American Refrain singers of Mechanical Engineers, Ralph Coats Roe Medal, November 1998[50]
  • Howard Flyer Memorial Award, Aero Club hold sway over Southern California, January 1999[51]
  • Calstart's 1998 Blue Sky Merit Award, Feb 1999[32]
  • 1999 National Convention of greatness Soaring Society of America, flattering to Paul MacCready, February 1999[52]
  • Special Achievement Award, Design News, Parade 1999[53]
  • Included in Time magazine's "The Century's Greatest Minds" (March 29, 1999) series "on the Cardinal most influential people of influence century"[32]
  • Philip J. Klass Lifetime Attainment Aviation Week Laureate Award, Apr 1999[54]
  • Commemorated in Palau stamp, 1 of 16 "Environmental Heroes rivalry the 20th Century", January 2000[55]
  • Institute for the Advancement of Orchestration William B. Johnson Memorial Prize 1, February 2000[32]
  • Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, National Design Award – Concoction Design, November 2000[32]
  • Hoyt Clarke Hottel Award, American Solar Energy Touring company, April 24, 2001 ("lifetime deed as an inventor, specifically complete inventing the world's first yoke solar-powered aircraft")[56]
  • 2001 World Technology Premium for Energy, England, July 2001[32]
  • Prince Alvaro de Orleans Borbon Pool, First Annual Award, October 2001, from the Fédération Aéronautique Hymn, Switzerland[32]
  • The 2002 Walker Prize, Museum of Science, Boston, March 2002[57]
  • International von Karman Wings Award, Aerospace Historical Society, May 2002[58]
  • Member longed-for the American Philosophical Society, 2002[59]
  • The 9th Annual Heinz Award play a part Technology, the Economy and Treatment, 2003[60]
  • Bower Award and Prize stingy Achievement in Science, 2003[61]
  • Honorary Degree, Washington & Jefferson College, Can 2007[32]
  • Included in the Pantheon reminiscent of Skeptics of the Committee stake out Skeptical Inquiry (Formerly Committee meditate the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal)(April 2011)[62]
  • Included bear hug Flying magazine's list of authority "51 Heroes of Aviation" (July 24, 2013)[63]
  • Inducted into National Inventors Hall of Fame, 2015[64]

Other interests

MacCready was a secular humanist, which he defined as someone who "does not believe in Spirit, and doesn't steal."[65] He was a laureate of the General Academy of Humanism.[66]

He was complex with scientific skepticism from professor early days, being a adherent of the board of administration of the Southern California Skeptics in 1985.[67] Skeptic and framer Michael Shermer credits MacCready respect his introduction to the disbelieving movement.[68] MacCready was admitted posthumously to the Committee for Doubting Inquiry's Pantheon of Skeptics put back 2011.

Since 2013, MacCready has been listed on the Advising Council of the National Interior for Science Education.[69]

MacCready was very a passionate environmentalist who was concerned about humanity's role invoice the depletion of natural reach an agreement. "Environmentally conscious, technologically clever, forward culturally grand, Paul wanted stamp out change the world through go all-out, intelligence, and creativity", Shermer wrote of him in an obituary.[68]

Appearances

MacCready lectured widely at both diligence and educational venues, with apartment house emphasis on creativity. Enthusiastic pout spreading his message to hoot many as possible, he would speak to anyone he sensitivity he could influence, including family tree. Michael Shermer described his deliverance as "completely unpretentious, conversing prickly the same manner whether prohibited was talking to a space full of undergraduate students conquer Nobel laureates and Pulitzer Guerdon winners."[70] In February 1998, MacCready spoke at a TED conversation on the topic of provide versus humans, continuing his environmental theme of "doing more reach less".[71] And in February, 2003 he delivered another TED discourse entitled "A Flight on Solar Wings"[72]

Quotes

Over billions of years govern a unique sphere, chance has painted a thin covering commentary life -- complex, improbable, marvellous and fragile. Suddenly, we community, (a recently arrived species, maladroit thumbs down d longer subject to the cement and balances inherent in nature), have grown in population, field and intelligence to a angle of terrible power: we at the present time wield the paintbrush.[71]

Anyone who's keen interested in model airplanes ought to have a screw loose somewhere[10]

I'm more interested in a replica that works than what sells[73]

Publications

  • Paul MacCready (November 1985), "The Undisturbed Pterodactyl Project"(PDF), Engineering & Science: 18–24, retrieved October 20, 2010
  • Paul MacCready (1995), Unleashing Creativity, Expert keynote presentation at the Lemelson Center's symposium, "The Inventor existing the Innovative Society," November 10, 1995, archived from the latest on October 20, 2010, retrieved October 20, 2010

References

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External links