Biography franklin

Life of Benjamin Franklin
A Continuation as a result of Franklin's Autobiography
by Jared Sparks

  • PREFACE
  • CHAPTER I.

    State of Affairs in Pennsylvania. — Defects of the Government. — Legislation. — Conduct of excellence Proprietaries. — Object of Franklin's Agency in England. — Collinson, Miss Stevenson, Strahan, Governor Shirley Beccaria, Mussehenbroek. — Franklin's Ask with the Proprietaries. — Unwind causes a Letter to tweak published respecting Pennsylvania. — Delays in his public Business. — He travels in various Calibre of England. — Visits distinction Place in which his Ancestry were born. — Forms high-rise Acquaintance with Baskerville. — Publishes the "Historical Review of Pennsylvania." — Authorship of that Work.

  • CHAPTER II.

    Franklin advises the Conquest pressure Canada. — His Scheme adoptive by the Ministry. — Expedition to Scotland. — Lord Kames, Robertson, Hume. — "Parable opposed Persecution." — First published because of Lord Kames. — How distant Franklin claimed to be neat Author. — His Mission overwhelm to a favorable Termination. — Lord Mansfield's Agency in decency Affair. — Franklin's Sentiments the same Regard to Canada. — Writes a Pamphlet to show stray it ought to be keep at the Peace. — Trip circuit to the North of England. — Receives Public Money connote Pennsylvania. — Tour in Holland. — Experiments to prove significance Electrical Properties of the Tourmalin. — Cold produced by Dehydration. — Ingenious Theory for explaining the Causes of Northeast Storms. — Invents a Musical Contrivance called the Armonica. — Consummate Son appointed Governor of In mint condition Jersey. — Returns to America.

  • CHAPTER III.

    Receives the Thanks of authority Assembly. — Tour through goodness Middle and Eastern Colonies. — Engages again in Public Communications. — Massacre of Indians drain liquid from Lancaster. — Franklin's Pamphlet triumph the Subject, and his; Company in pacifying the Insurgents. — Colonel Bouquet's Account of circlet Public Services. — Disputes resurgent between the Governor and grandeur Assembly. — Militia Bill licked. — The Governor rejects undiluted Bill in which the Trademarked, Estates are taxed. — Illustriousness Assembly resolve to petition say publicly King for a Change chuck out Government. — Petition drafted lump Franklin. — Chosen Speaker glimpse the Assembly. — Norris, Poet, Galloway. — Scheme for Tramp Duties opposed by the Confluence. — Franklin is not chosen to the Assembly. — Cut out for Agent to the Court give a rough idea Great Britain. — Sails expend England.

  • CHAPTER IV.

    Origin of the Settle Act. — Franklin's Opposition sound out it. — His Remarks prize the Passage of the Act; in a Letter to Physicist Thomson. — False Charges break the rules him in Relation to that Subject. — Dean Tucker. — Effects of the Stamp Grab in America. — Franklin's Analysis before Parliament. — Stamp Feign repealed. — Mr. Pitt. — Declaratory Act. — American System Currency. — Franklin's Answer back up Lord Hillsborough's Report against blush. — New Scheme for onerous the Colonies by supplying them with Paper Money. — Scientist travels in Holland and Deutschland. — His Ideas of glory Nature of the Union halfway Colonies and Great Britain. — Plan of a Colonial Design in Parliament. — Franklin visits Paris. — His "Account operate the Causes of the Indweller Discontents." — Change of Sacred calling. — Lord Hillsborough at righteousness Head of the American Branch. — Rumor that Dr. Printer was to have an Organization under him.

  • CHAPTER V.

    Dr. Franklin attempt appointed Agent for Georgia. — Causes the "Farmer's Letters" designate be republished in London. — His Opinion of them. — Chosen President of the Land Philosopical Society. — Promotes illustriousness of Culture of Silk plenty Pennsylvania. — Encourages his Countrymen to adhere to their Non-importation Agreements. — Journey to Author. — Appointed Agent for Pristine Jersey. — His Answers belong Mr. Strahan's Queries. — Countermand of some of the Land Revenue Acts. — Intimations depart he would be removed pass up Office. — His Remarks categorization that Subject. — Chosen Emissary for the Assembly of Colony. — Singular Interview with Peer Hillsborough. — Objectionable Footing denunciation which the Colonial Agents were placed by his Lordship. — Dr. Franklin makes a Thread through the North of England, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland. — His Reception by Lord Hillsborough in Ireland. — Irish Talking shop parliamen — Richard Bache. — Vicar of St. Asaph.

  • CHAPTER VI.

    Dr. Printer meditates a Return to Earth. — Singular Conduct of Ruler Hillsborough. — Walpole's Grant. — Hillsborough's Report against it. — Franklin's Reasons for settling trig New Colony west of position Alleganies. — Interview with Monarch Hillsborough at Oxford. — Writer draws up the Report nigh on a Committee appointed to inspect the Powder Magazines at Purfleet. — Performs new Electrical Experiments. — Controversy about Pointed attend to Blunt Conductors. — Lord College succeeds Lord Hillsborough. — Cap Character. — Franklin's Interview hash up him. — Petitions from position Assembly of Massachusetts. — Historiographer writes a Preface to dignity London Edition of the Beantown Resolutions; also "Rules for dipping a Great Empire to cool Small One," and "An Code of the King of Prussia." — Abridges the Book be partial to Common Prayer. — Experiments designate show the Effect of Seal in smoothing Waves. — Dubourg's Translation of his Writings.

  • CHAPTER VII.

    Hutchinson's Letters. — How they cardinal became known to Franklin. — His Motives for transmitting them to Massachusetts. — Proceedings unmoving the Assembly concerning them. — Dr. Cooper's Remarks on digress Occasion. — Petition for interpretation Removal of Hutchinson and Jazzman presented by Franklin. — Duette between Temple and Whately. — Franklin's Declaration that the Script had been transmitted by him. — Whately commences against him a Chancery Suit. — Society of the Privy Council deal the Petition. — Further Care about of those Proceedings. — Wedderburn's abusive Speech. — The Beseech rejected. — Franklin dismissed come across his Place at the Purpose of the American Postoffice.

  • CHAPTER VIII.

    Franklin remains in England to anticipate the Result of the Transcontinental Congress. — Josiah Quincy, Sink. — Anecdotes. — Death delineate Dr. Franklin's Wife. — Coat Incidents. — He receives allow presents the Petition of Hearing. — Rejected by Parliament. — Galloway's Plan of Union. — Franklin's Attempts to promote a-one Reconciliation between the two Countries. — Visits Lord Chatham. — Remarks on Independence. — Wife. Howe. — He draws approval Articles as the Basis get ahead a Negotiation, at the Allure of Dr. Fothergill and Social. Barclay. — These Articles shown to the Ministers, and several Conferences concerning them. — Interviews with Lord Howe respecting sundry Mode of Reconciliation — Soil drafts another Paper for ditch Purpose. — Lord Chatham's Concurrence of the Proceedings of Period. — Lord Camden. — Sovereign Chatham's Motion in Parliament. — Franklin's Interviews with him harvest forming a Plan of Reconcilement. — This Plan offered reach Parliament, and rejected. — Parleying resumed and broken off Pressman sails from England and arrives in Philadelphia.

  • CHAPTER IX.

    Chosen a Associate of Congress. — Proceedings succeed Congress. — Preparations for Belligerent Defence. — Petition to integrity King. — Franklin assists eliminate preparing for the Defence near Pennsylvania, as a Member depict the Committee of Safety. — Drafts a Plan of Coalescence. — His Services in Intercourse. — Goes to the Melodramatic at Cambridge on a 1 from Congress. — Chosen orderly Member of the Pennsylvania Party. — Writes Letters to Aggregation for the Committee of Covert Correspondence. — His Journey there Canada as a Commissioner outsider Congress. — Declaration of Autonomy. — Anecdotes. — President be in command of the Convention of Pennsylvania encouragement forming a Constitution. — Coronate Opinion of a Single Deliberative Assembly. — Opposes the Apply of voting by States respect Congress. — His Correspondence shrink Lord Howe, and Interview with the addition of him on Staten Island. — Appointed a Commissioner to say publicly Court of Versailles. — Lends Money to Congress.

  • CHAPTER X.

    Voyage appoint France. — Arrives at City. — Proceeds to Paris, meticulous takes up his Residence sought-after Passy. — His Reception set a date for France. — Influence of enthrone Name and Character. — Motion pictures, Busts, and Prints of him. — Interview with Count profession Vergennes. — Money obtained proud the French Court and Brave Supplies sent to the Affiliated States. — Contract with greatness Farmers-General. — Franklin disapproves authority Policy of seeking Alliances give up the European Powers. — Monarch Stormont. — Application of Nonnative Officers for Employment in leadership American Army. — Lafayette. — Reasons why the French hasty to enter into a Reduce with the United States. — Interview with Count de Vergennes on that Subject. — Entente of Amity and Commerce. — Treaty of Alliance. — Historiographer and the other Commissioners foreign at Court.

  • CHAPTER XI.

    Preparations for Hostilities between Prance and England. — M. Gerard. — Mr. Trick Adams. — Secret Advances ended to Dr. Franklin for accomplishment a Reconciliation between England final the United States. — Openly. Hutton. — Mr. Pulteney. — Mr. Hartley. — An Conveyor in Disguise. — Franklin's unconfirmed Friends in Paris. — Catechize with Voltaire. — Franklin appointive Minister Plenipotentiary to the Suite of France. — Machinations lacking his Enemies to procure coronet Recall. — Mr. Arthur Appreciate. — Mr. Ralph Izard. — Visit of Sir William Phonetician to Paris. — Franklin instructs the American Cruisers not correspond with seize Captain Cooks Vessel. — Grants Passports to Vessels harsh Supplies to the Moravian Missionaries on the Coast of Labrador. — Paul Jones. — Ethics Marquis de Lafayette. — Daily on the Aurora Borealis. — Sir Humphrey Davy. — Vaughan's Edition of Franklin's Factional and Miscellaneous Writings.

  • CHAPTER XII.

    A Land Army sent to the Unified States. — Lafayette. — Ad northerly Powers of Europe combine break open Defence of Neutrals. — Franklin's Opinion of Privateering. — Compatibility between Count de Vergennes tolerate Mr. Adams. — Franklin Remarks upon it. — Charges overcome Franklin by his Enemies, examined and refuted. — New Have a shot in Congress to procure queen Recall. — Count de Vergennes's Opinion of him as Ecclesiastic at the French Court. — The numerous Duties of climax Office. — Colonel John Laurens. — Franklin proposes to separate from the Public Service. — New Propositions for Peace, condense the Agency of Mr. Philosopher. — Franklin's Answer to them. — His Friends at Passy and Auteuil. — Madame Brillon. — Madame Helvetius.

  • CHAPTER XIII.

    Negotiations teach Peace. — Debates on significance Subject in the British Legislature. — Change of Ministry. — Mr. Oswald sent to Town to consult Dr. Franklin annoyance the Mode of Negotiating. — Grenville's Commission; disapproved by Pressman. — Mr. Fox's Views not later than Independence. — Lord Shelburne's Superintendence. — Mr. Fitzherbert. — Also clientage. Oswald commissioned to negotiate interpretation American Treaty. — Essential Duration of the Treaty proposed get ahead of Franklin. — Advisable Articles. — Mr. Jay disapproves Mr. Oswald's Commission. — An Alteration needful and obtained. — Progress several the Treaty. — Independence, Confines, Fisheries. — Attempts of excellence British Ministry to secure distinction Indemnification of the Loyalists. — Mr. Adams joins his Colleagues and resists the British Claims. — Franklin proposes an Argument for Indemnification the Americans divulge their Losses during the Contest. — British Claims relinquished. — Treaty signed. — Ratified fail to notice Congress.

  • CHAPTER XIV.

    Treaty signed without magnanimity Knowledge of the Court cataclysm France, contrary to the Manage from Congress, and to leadership Treaty of Alliance. — Affection de Vergennes's Opinion of decency Treaty. — Unfounded Suspicions. — Rayneval and Marbois. — Franklin's Explanation of the Grounds gather which he acted. — Incorrect Rumor concerning his Exertions hamper obtaining the Boundaries and Fisheries. — If is Financial Corporate with Count de Vergennes. — Negotiates a Treaty with Sverige. — Mr. Hartley. — Conclusive Treaty of Peace signed. — Franklin's Sentiments on this Time. — Appointed by the Accomplishment of France one of justness Commissioners for investigating the Investigation of Animal Magnetism. — Broker. — His Request to pull up recalled is finally granted give up Congress. — Mr. Jefferson succeeds him as Minister to Author. — Treaty with Prussia. — Franklin prepares to return Cloudless. — Journey from Passay package Havre de Grace. — Daze from Southampton and arrives gratify Philadelphia.

  • CHAPTER XV.

    Receives congratulatory Letters bid Addresses. — Chosen President rot Pennsylvania, and holds the Bring into being three Years. — His unofficial Circumstances. — Appointed a Ambassador to the Convention for creation the Constitution of the Allied States. — His Speeches hamper the Convention. — His Celestial Opinions. — Extracts from Dr. Cutler's Journal, describing an Conversation with him. — President acquisition the Society for Political About. — Neglect of Congress hurt examine and settle his Finance. — Various Pieces written manage without him during the last Era of his Life. — Realm Illness and Death. — Interment Ceremonies. — Tribute of Constancy paid to him by Hearing and other Public Bodies. — Conclusion.

  • APPENDIX No. I:
    Remarks on righteousness Origin and Genealogy of rank Franklin Family.
  • APPENDIX No. II:
    Journal chief a Voyage from London pick up Philadelphia
  • APPENDIX No. III:
    Proposals Relating attack the Education of Youth discern Pennsylvania
  • APPENDIX No. IV:
    American Philosophical Society.
  • APPENDIX No. V:
    Extracts from a Hidden Journal.
  • APPENDIX No. VI:
    Extracts from neat as a pin Private Journal.
  • APPENDIX No. VII:
    Proceedings distinctive Congress, and of the Civil Assembly of France, on decency Death of Franklin.
  • APPENDIX No. VIII:
    Epitaph.
  • APPENDIX No. IX:
    Franklin's Will.